Digitalisasi Data Analog Instrumen Altimeter Dan Vertical Speed Indicator Untuk Pengembangan Simulator Kokpit Pesawat Terbang
Abstract
Abstrak — Tugas Akhir ini mengembangkan sistem digitalisasi data analog dari instrumen altimeter dan vertical speed indicator (VSI) berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) untuk mendukung simulator kokpit pesawat terbang. Sistem memanfaatkan sensor tekanan MS5803-14BA untuk membaca tekanan udara pada ruang vakum tertutup yang disimulasikan menggunakan pompa vakum dan solenoid valve, kemudian diolah oleh mikrokontroler ESP32 menjadi data ketinggian (altitude) dan kecepatan vertikal (VSI) menggunakan rumus barometrik. Data ditampilkan secara real-time pada LCD 20x4 dan dashboard Node-RED melalui protokol MQTT. Arsitektur sistem mencakup integrasi perangkat keras seperti sensor, mikrokontroler, modul relay, dan aktuator dengan perangkat lunak visualisasi berbasis cloud. Pengujian dilakukan dengan variasi target altitude antara 3000 hingga 22000 kaki, menghasilkan deviasi pembacaan dalam rentang ±0 hingga ±162 ft dibandingkan data acuan buku UAMTC SIL-34P. Hasil menunjukkan sistem mampu merespons perubahan tekanan dengan stabil, menampilkan data sinkron di seluruh antarmuka, dan bekerja sesuai rancangan. Sistem ini layak digunakan sebagai media edukasi dan pengujian dalam lingkungan laboratorium, sekaligus menjadi dasar pengembangan instrumen simulasi penerbangan berbasis digital. Kata kunci— Digitalisasi Altimeter, VSI, ESP32, Sensor Tekanan, IoT, Simulator Penerbangan
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