Sistem Monitoring IoT untuk Menganalisis Pengaruh Suhu, Kelembapan, dan Intensitas Cahaya terhadap Performa PLTS
Abstract
Kinerja pembangkit listrik tenaga surya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti suhu, kelembapan, dan intensitas cahaya, yang dapat menyebabkan fluktuasi daya listrik. Penurunan performa akibat kondisi tersebut dapat menghambat pemanfaatan energi surya secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem monitoring berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) untuk memantau parameter lingkungan dan menganalisis pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja sistem. Sistem dibangun menggunakan mikrokontroler serta sensor suhu, kelembapan, dan intensitas cahaya, dengan data yang divisualisasikan melalui antarmuka web, serta notifikasi peringatan dini melalui Bot Telegram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensitas cahaya sangat memengaruhi daya keluaran, sementara suhu tinggi cenderung menurunkan efisiensi. Kelembapan menunjukkan pengaruh terhadap daya, namun tidak secara langsung memengaruhi efisiensi panel. Daya maksimum sebesar 2232 W tercapai pada iradiasi 431,4 W/m², suhu 35,81°C, dan kelembapan 26,5%, dengan efisiensi 24,7%. Sedangkan daya minimum sebesar 318 W terjadi saat iradiasi 54,2 W/m², suhu 31,25°C, dan kelembapan 57,7%, dengan efisiensi 28%.
Kata kunci— Sistem Monitoring, IoT, Suhu, Kelembapan, Intensitas Cahaya, PLTS
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