Optimasi Manajemen Daya di WSN: Pemanenan Energi Surya dan Angin Dengan Coverage Awareness
Abstrak
Abstrak — Perkembangan teknologi Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) memberikan potensi besar dalam mendukung pertanian cerdas melalui pemantauan lingkungan secara real-time. Namun, keterbatasan sumber daya energi, khususnya pada node sensor yang umumnya bergantung pada baterai, menjadi tantangan utama dalam implementasi WSN jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mengevaluasi sistem hybrid energy harvesting berbasis energi surya dan angin, yang diintegrasikan dengan pendekatan coverage-awareness guna meningkatkan efisiensi energi dan cakupan jaringan pada lingkungan pertanian. Metodologi yang digunakan mencakup studi literatur, perancangan sistem energi terbarukan hibrida, pengujian komprehensif terhadap performa pemanenan dan penyimpanan energi, manajemen daya, cakupan jaringan, serta komunikasi antar node sensor. Sistem diuji dalam berbagai kondisi lingkungan untuk mengalisis efisiensi konversi energi, distribusi daya, dan ketahanan jaringan terhadap fluktuasi sumber daya, sedangkan turbin angin berfungsi sebagai sumber energi tambahan. Penerapan mode deep sleep pada ESP32 terbukti mampu mengurangi konsumsi daya secara signifikan, dari kisaran 600 mW menjadi sekitar 44 mW. Selain itu, pendekatan coverage-awareness berhasil menjaga cakupan area pemantauan secara optimal, dengan komunikasi antar node yang stabil hingga jarak 8 meter. Evaluasi sistem menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi manajemen daya efisien dan pemanfaatan energi terbarukan secara simultan mampu memperpanjang lifetime jaringan sensor serta mendukung keberlanjutan operasional WSN di sektor pertanian. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dalam pengembangan WSN hemat energi yang andal, adaptif, dan ramah lingkungan.
Kata Kunci - Coverage-Awareness, Hybrid Energy Harvesting, Manajemen Daya, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN).
Unduhan
Referensi
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