Implementation of an ESP32-Based Automatic Drip Irrigation and Lighting System for Dragon Fruit Cultivation
Abstrak
Dragon fruit cultivation requires precise water management and appropriate lighting to support optimal vegetative growth, particularly for Crassulacean Acid Metabolism plants. Inconsistent manual irrigation and insufficient nighttime lighting often lead to unstable soil moisture and suboptimal plant development [3], [12]. This paper presents the design and implementation of an ESP32-based automatic drip irrigation and lighting system for potted dragon fruit cultivation. The proposed system integrates soil moisture sensors for irrigation control, a light intensity sensor for automatic nighttime lighting management, and a water flow sensor to ensure accurate water delivery. Drip irrigation is applied to maintain soil moisture at approximately 70 percent, while purple LED grow lights operate automatically during nighttime conditions. System performance was evaluated through functional testing and observation of plant growth responses. Experimental results show that the system operates automatically and responsively in maintaining soil moisture and controlling lighting according to environmental conditions. The dragon fruit plants exhibited good vegetative growth, indicated by increased plant height and healthy stem conditions [8],[9]. These results demonstrate that the proposed system is effective in supporting dragon fruit growth and has potential as a smart farming solution for small-scale cultivation.
Keywords— dragon fruit, drip irrigation, automatic lighting, ESP32, soil moisture sensor.
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