Komparasi Variasi Pengeringan BC-PVA Sebagai Kandidat Ligamen Buatan
Abstrak
Cedera ligamen krusiat anterior (ACL) merupakan salah satu cedera sendi lutut paling umum dengan prevalensi global mencapai 30-78 per 100.000 orang, terutama pada individu aktif secara fisik. Keterbatasan regeneratif jaringan ligamen alami serta risiko komplikasi pada metode rekonstruksi tradisional mendorong pengembangan ligamen buatan berbasis biomaterial. Komposit Bacterial Cellulose–Polyvinyl Alcohol (BC–PVA) menjadi salah satu kandidat potensial karena memiliki sifat biokompatibilitas dan mekanik yang mendekati jaringan ligamen asli. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh metode pengeringan oven-drying dan freeze-drying terhadap sifat kimia, mekanik, dan kestabilan struktur BC– PVA sebagai calon ligamen buatan. Karakterisasi dilakukan melalui uji Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), uji tarik, dan uji swelling. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa metode ovendrying menghasilkan komposit BC-PVA dengan tensile strength tertinggi (17,53 MPa), elongation at break sebesar 149,17%, dan kapasitas swelling 311,703% ± 50,37 pada sampel BC-PVAGliserol menit ke-60. Spektrum FTIR mengindikasikan terbentuknya ikatan hidrogen yang kuat antara BC dan PVA tanpa munculnya gugus fungsi baru, menunjukkan integrasi kimia yang stabil. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, metode ovendrying dinilai paling optimal dalam menghasilkan material BC– PVA dengan performa mekanik dan kestabilan struktur terbaik, sehingga berpotensi sebagai kandidat ligamen buatan untuk aplikasi dalam bidang kedokteran regeneratif. Kata kunci : BC-PVA, biomaterial regeneratif, ligamen, oven-drying.
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