Analisis Peran Interaksi Computer Mediated-Communication Dalam Hubungan Parasosial Penggemar K-Pop Pada Platform Weverse
Abstract
The development of digital media platforms has given rise to new popular cultures, including K-Pop, which encourages parasocial interactions between fans and idols. Weverse serves as a dedicated platform that allows these interactions to develop more dynamically. This study aims to analyze Weverse's role in mediating interactions between K-Pop fans and idols through the perspective of Joseph B. Walther's (1996) Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) theory. The study employed a qualitative method with a case study approach and in-depth interviews with eleven K-Pop fan informants who actively use Weverse. The results show that interactions develop gradually through three stages of CMC: impersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal. In the impersonal stage, Weverse serves as a one-way source of information. The interpersonal stage is characterized by reciprocal communication, personal expression, and a sense of connection. Most informants then reach the hyperpersonal stage, characterized by intense emotional closeness, idol idealization, and feedback loops reinforced by the membership feature. This study also found differences in the experiences of regular and membership users, and confirmed Weverse as a medium for forming complex social relationships. Keywords: K-Pop, Parasocial Interaction, Weverse, Computer-Mediated Communication
References
Antheunis, M. L., Schouten, A. P., & Walther, J. B. (2020). The hyperpersonal effect in online dating: effects of text-based CMC vs. videoconferencing before meeting face-to-face. Media Psychology, 23(6), 820–839. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2019.1648217
Cantika, I., & Ary, M. (2021). Analisis Penerimaan Dan Penggunaan Aplikasi Platform Fan Community Weverse Menggunakan Technology Acceptance Model. Jurnal IT Media Informasi IT STMIK, 12(3).
Carr, C. T., & Hayes, R. A. (2015). Social Media: Defining, Developing, and Divining. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 23(1), 46–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/15456870.2015.972282
Chan, A. (2023, October 24). Mapping Out K-Pop’s Global Dominance. Luminate Data. https://luminatedata.com/blog/mapping-out-k-pops-global-dominance/
Chung, S., & Cho, H. (2017). Fostering parasocial relationships with celebrities on social media: Implications for celebrity endorsement. Psychology and Marketing, 34(4), 481–495. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21001
Fachrosi, E., Tia Fani, D., Fadhila Lubis, R., Bella Aritonang, N., Azizah, N., Reza Saragih, D., & Malik, F. (2020). Dinamika Fanatisme Penggemar K-Pop pada Komunitas BTS-Army Medan The Dynamics of K-Pop Fanaticism in the BTS-Army Medan Community. Jurnal Diversita, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.31289/diversita.v6i2.3782
Fitriah, N. L., Islam, M. H., & Diharjo, R. F. (2023). Dampak Korean Wave Terhadap Perilaku Konsumerisme Merchaindise K-Pop Dikalangan Mahasiswa Probolinggo. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling, 5(2), 4427–4434. https://journal.universitaspahlawan.ac.id/index.php/jpdk/article/download/14115/10862/42749
Horton, D., & Richard Wohl, R. (1956). Mass Communication and Para-Social Interaction. Psychiatry, 19(3), 215–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.1956.11023049
Kang, J., Park, E., Lee, M., Lee, M., Ko, M., & Han, J. (2019, May 2). Alliance for my idol: Analyzing the k-pop fandom collaboration network. Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290607.3312906
Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2009.09.003
Kim, M. S., Wang, S., & Kim, S. (2023). Effects of Online Fan Community Interactions on Well-Being and Sense of Virtual Community. Behavioral Sciences, 13(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13110897
Lie, J. (2012). What Is the K in K-pop? South Korean Popular Music, the Culture Industry, and National Identity. KOREA OBSERVER, 43(3), 339–363.
Lindgren, S. (2017). Digital Media and Society (M. Ainsley, Ed.). SAGE Publisher.
Nadiyya, C., & Muyasaroh, S. (2023). PENGARUH MEDIA SOSIAL WEVERSE BTS TERHADAP PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN AFEKSI PADA K-POP FANDOM ARMY. JSL Jurnal Socia Logica, 3(2).
Nye, J. S. . (2006). Soft power : the means to success in world politics. PublicAffairs.
Oh, I., & Lee, H.-J. (2014). K-pop in Korea: How the Pop Music Industry Is Changing a Post-Developmental Society. Cross-Currents: East Asian History and Culture Review, 3(1), 72–93. https://doi.org/10.1353/ach.2014.0007
Pribadi, A. (2022, October 16). Arti Setiap Posisi dalam Grup K-Pop. Radio Republik Indonesia. https://www.rri.co.id/hiburan/61661/arti-setiap-posisi-dalam-grup-k-pop
Rafique, S., Khan, M. H., & Bilal, H. (2022). A Critical Analysis of Pop Culture and Media. Global Regional Review, VII(I), 173–184. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2022(vii-i).17
Rizaty, M. A. (2024, January 19). Jadwal Konser K-Pop dan Jumpa Penggemar di Indonesia pada 2024. Dataindonesia.Id. https://dataindonesia.id/varia/detail/jadwal-konser-kpop-dan-jumpa-penggemar-di-indonesia-pada-2024
Sadasri, L. M. (2021). Parasocial Relationship dengan Selebritas (Studi Kualitatif pada Praktik Penggunaan Fandom Applications). Jurnal Studi Pemuda, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/studipemudaugm.70269
Tran, T. (2023). “Model Tries Crazy IU KPop Diet”: Embodied K-Pop Fandoms and Fashionable Diets on YouTube (E. Affuso & S. Scott, Eds.). Michigan Press. https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.12315327.20
Walther, J. B. (1996). Computer-mediated communication: Impersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction. Communication Research, 23(1), 3–43. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365096023001001
Walther, Joseph. B. (1992). Interpersonal Effects in Computer-Mediated Communication. Communication Research, 19(1), 52.
