Evaluasi Mental Workload Pada Pekerja Remote Desain Grafis Di Jawa Barat Dengan Pendekatan Ergonomi Kognitif Menggunakan Pengukuran Nasa-Tlx
Abstract
Pandemi COVID-19 telah mempercepat adopsi sistem kerja jarak jauh, khususnya di industri kreatif seperti desain grafis. Meskipun memberikan fleksibilitas, sistem kerja remote juga memicu peningkatan beban kerja mental akibat multitasking, isolasi sosial, dan tekanan waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi beban kerja mental pada pekerja remote di bidang desain grafis di wilayah Jawa Barat, Indonesia, dengan pendekatan ergonomi kognitif menggunakan metode NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). Wilayah ini mengalami pertumbuhan signifikan dalam sektor pekerjaan kreatif digital, menjadikannya konteks yang relevan untuk penelitian ini. Metode NASA-TLX mengevaluasi enam dimensi beban kerja: tuntutan mental, tuntutan fisik, tuntutan waktu, kinerja, upaya, dan tingkat frustrasi. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner daring dan diolah dengan perhitungan bobot serta Weighted Workload (WWL). Sebanyak 308 responden dari berbagai kota di Jawa Barat berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Hasilnya mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor utama yang berkontribusi terhadap beban kerja mental dan dampaknya terhadap produktivitas serta kesejahteraan pekerja. Dua intervensi berbasis ergonomi kognitif Task Chunking dan Goal Setting Theory diujikan dan divalidasi keefektifannya dalam menurunkan tingkat beban kerja. Temuan ini mendukung pengembangan strategi kerja yang lebih terstruktur untuk mengelola beban kerja mental di lingkungan digital, khususnya pada pusat-pusat kreatif yang sedang berkembang seperti Jawa Barat.
Kata kunci: Beban Kerja Mental, Kerja Remote, Desain Grafis, Ergonomi Kognitif, NASA-TLX.
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