Sistem Otomasi Pengendalian Nutrisi Tanaman Hidroponik Berbasis Blynk Dengan Fuzzy Logic
Abstract
Abstrak — Sistem pertanian konvensional menghadapi tantangan seperti keterbatasan lahan akibat urbanisasi dan bencana alam, mendorong inovasi dalam produksi pangan. Hidroponik, teknik bercocok tanam tanpa tanah, menjadi solusi, namun pemantauan manual pada skala besar kurang efektif. Penelitian ini mengusulkan Sistem Otomasi Pengendalian Nutrisi Hidroponik Berbasis Aplikasi Blynk dengan Fuzzy Logic untuk mengatasi keterbatasan tersebut. Sistem ini mengintegrasikan IoT untuk memantau parameter penting seperti pH dan kadar nutrisi secara real-time menggunakan sensor TDS (akurasi 96,9%) dan sensor pH (akurasi 97,5%). Algoritma Fuzzy Logic memungkinkan pengaturan nutrisi dan pH secara presisi sesuai kebutuhan tanaman. Pengujian performa menunjukkan akurasi tinggi dibandingkan simulasi MATLAB, dengan keberhasilan 95,94% untuk nutrisi dan 98,82% untuk pH, serta error dalam batas toleransi (nutrisi 800–1200 ppm, pH 5,5–6,5). Pengujian pertumbuhan kangkung selama 21 hari menunjukkan sistem otomatis menghasilkan tanaman lebih tinggi (selisih rata-rata 13 cm) dan berdaun lebih banyak (selisih rata-rata 11,15) dibandingkan kontrol manual. Dibandingkan penelitian terdahulu, sistem ini menawarkan peningkatan signifikan pada pertumbuhan tanaman dan kemudahan pemantauan jarak jauh melalui Blynk, mendukung pertanian modern yang praktis dan adaptif. (190 kata) Kata kunci— Fuzzy Logic, Hidroponik, IoT, Kangkung, Nutrisi, pH
References
V. Suresh, T. Logasundari, V. S. Sravani, M. Ali, and
S. Srinivasan, "IoT-Based Automated Indoor Hydroponic
Farming System," in ICSGET 2024, E3S Web of
Conferences, vol. 547, pp. 1-9, 2024, doi:
1051/e3sconf/202454702002.
R. de Sousa, L. Bragança, M. V. da Silva, and R. S.
Oliveira, "Challenges and Solutions for Sustainable Food
Systems: The Potential of Home Hydroponics,"
Sustainability, vol. 16, no. 2, 817, pp. 1–22, Jan. 2024. doi:
3390/su16020817.
L. Khatri, A. Kunwar, and D. R. Bist, "Hydroponics:
Advantages and Challenges in Soilless Farming," Big Data in
Agriculture, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 81-88, Jul. 2024, doi:
26480/bda.02.2024.81.88.
O. A. Ogbolumani and B. Mabaso, "An IoT-Based
Hydroponic Monitoring and Control System for Sustainable
Food Production," Journal of Sustainable Food and
Environmental Water Systems (JDFEWS), vol. 4, no. 2, pp.
-140, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.2709/jdfews.v4n2.2023.01.
S. D. Putra, H. Heriansyah, E. F. Cahyadi, K.
Anggriani, and M. H. Imron S. Jaya, "Development of Smart
Hydroponics System Using AI-Based Sensing," Jurnal
Infotel, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 1–12, Aug. 2024. doi:
20895/INFOTEL.V16I3.1190.
S. A. Wibowo, K. A. Widodo, and D. Rudhistiar,
"Smart Farming System untuk Tanaman Hidroponik Berbasis
Internet of Things," Jurnal Bumigora Information
Technology (BITe), vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 17–30, 2023. doi:
30812/bite/v5i1.2691.
W. J. M. Lommen, "The Canon of Potato Science:
Hydroponics," European Potato Journal, vol. 50, no. 3-4,
Jul. 2007. doi: 10.1007/s11540-008-9053-x.
B. Thapa, P. Bhandari, R. G.C, Y. Acharya, and S.
Phuyal, "Application of Hydroponic System," KEC Journal
of Science and Engineering, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 33–37, Aug.
N. Sharma, S. Acharya, K. Kumar, N. Singh, and O.
P. Chaurasia, "Hydroponics as an advanced technique for
vegetable production: An overview," Journal of Soil and
Water Conservation, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 364–371, Oct.–Dec.
doi: 10.5958/2455-7145.2018.00056.5.
T. Malinina, V. Novikov, and M. S. Molokanova,
"Hydroponics as an Alternative to Growing Planting
Material," Actual Directions of Scientific Research, vol. 8,
no. 1, pp. 91–94, Oct. 2020. doi: 10.34220/2308-8877-2020-
-1-91-94.
Envirevo Agritech, "Nutrient Film Technique: A
Comprehensive Guide," [Online].
Available: https://envirevoagritech.com/nutrient-filmtechnique-comprehensive-guide/. [Accessed: Oct. 1, 2024].
S. Mohammed, "Introduction to Nutrient Film
Technique: 'NFT Hydroponics' - Grow within Your Budget,"
in Tomorrow's Agriculture, pp. 7–11, Sep. 2018. doi:
1007/978-3-319-99202-0_2.
Ponics Life, "Nutrient Film Technique (NFT): A
Complete System Guide," [Online].
Available: https://ponicslife.com/nutrient-film-techniquenft-a-complete-system-guide/. [Accessed: Jan. 2, 2025].
Pure Greens AZ, "The Benefits of Nutrient Film
Technique (NFT) Hydroponic Systems," [Online].
Available: https://puregreensaz.com/blog/the-benefits-ofnutrient-film-technique-nft-hydroponicsystems/. [Accessed: Jan. 2, 2025].
Pure Greens AZ, "Nutrient Film Technique,"
[Online]. Available: https://puregreensaz.com/blog/nutrientfilm-technique/. [Accessed: Jan. 2, 2025].
Go Green Aquaponics, "Nutrient Film Technique in
Aquaponics," [Online].
Available: https://gogreenaquaponics.com/blogs/news/nutrie
nt-film-technique-in-aquaponics/. [Accessed: Jan. 2, 2025].
Benehorti, "Hydroponic Systems: Pros & Cons,"
[Online].
Available: https://benehorti.com/blogs/news/hydroponicsystems-pros-cons/. [Accessed: Jan. 2, 2025].
S. Mashumah, "Rancang Bangun Hidroponik
Nutrient Film Technique Menggunakan Kontrol Logika
Fuzzy Berbasis Konduktivitas Listrik dan Citra," M.Sc.
thesis, Dept. Teknik Elektro, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh
Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia, 2018.
A. I. Oktavira, D. F. Suarman, F. A. Rifyant, and R.
Fevria, "Application of the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT)
Hydroponic System in Water Spinach Cultivation (Ipomoea
sp.)," Serambi Biologi, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 157–162, 2022.
Afrijal, F. A. Syuhada, R. Jarlis, and V. Hendrita,
"Techniques for Cultivating Land Kale (Ipomea reptans Poir)
Organically at CV. Faruq Farm," Jurnal Agriness, vol. 2,
no. 1, pp. 7–12, Jul. 2024. doi: 10.24036/agrnes.v2i1.34.
P. Joshi, A. Kumari, A. K. Chauhan, and M. Singh,
"Development of Water Spinach Powder and Its
Characterization," Journal of Food Science and Technology,
vol. 58, pp. 13197-13199, Mar. 2021. doi: 10.1007/s13197-
-05058-9.
H. M. S. Amir, N. A. Sulaiman, J. M. H. Abdillah,
M. Zainuddin, F. Huyop, U. H. M. Razali, N. Q. I. M. Nordin,
J. S. Simamora, and N. Huda, "Macronutrient Concentration
in Stem, Leaf and Petiole of Wild Grown Water Spinach
(Ipomoea aquatic Forsk.) and Its Relationship With Pond
Water," IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental
Science, vol. 709, pp. 012080, 2021. doi: 10.1088/1755-
/709/1/012080.
R. Fevria, S. Aliciafarma, Vauzia, and Edwin,
"Comparison of Nutritional Content of Water Spinach
(Ipomoea aquatica) Cultivated Hydroponically and NonHydroponically," Journal of Physics: Conference Series,
vol. 1940, pp. 012049, 2021. doi: 10.1088/1742-
/1940/1/012049.
N. D. Thi and E.-S. Hwang, "Effects of different
cooking methods on bioactive compound content and
antioxidant activity of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica),"
Food Science and Biotechnology, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 799–806,
Jun. 2015. doi: 10.1007/s10068-015-0104-1.
K. Saikia, S. Dey, S. N. Hazarika, G. K. Handique,
D. Thakur, and A. K. Handique, "Chemical and biochemical
characterization of Ipomoea aquatica: genoprotective
potential and inhibitory mechanism of its phytochemicals
against α-amylase and α-glucosidase," Frontiers in Nutrition,
vol. 10, Dec. 2023. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1304903.
U.-J. Yang, S.-R. Yoon, J.-H. Chung, Y. J. Kim, K.-
H. Park, T.-S. Park, and S.-M. Shim, "Water spinach
(Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) reduced the absorption of heavy
metals in an in vitro bio-mimicking model system," Food and
Chemical Toxicology, vol. 50, no. 10, pp. 3814–3821, Oct.
doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.020.
M. Masriah, "Pengaruh Berbagai Perlakuan Nutrisi
Larutan Hidroponik pada Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kangkung
(Ipomoea aquatica)," BIOSCIENTIAE, vol. 17, no. 2, p. 47,
Jun. 2021. doi: 10.20527/b.v17i2.3452.
O. Z. Nafiah, P. Nugrahani, and Makhziah, "The
Effect of Hydroponic Nutrient Sources and Planting Media
Types on the Growth and Production of Chinese Kale
(Brassica oleraceae L.)," J. Teknik Pertanian Lampung, vol.
, no. 2, pp. 443–457, 2023. doi: 10.23960/jtep-l.v12i2.443-
C. W. B. Yanti, R. Dermawan, N. S. Nafsi,
Rafiuddin, A. H. Bahrun, A. Mollah, and A. Arafat,
"Response of kale (Brassica alboglabra L.) to various
planting media and application of liquid inorganic nutrition
in DWC (deep water culture) hydroponic systems," IOP
Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 486, pp. 012113, 2020.
doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/486/1/012113.
W. Petroski and D. M. Minich, "Is there such a thing
as 'anti-nutrients'? A narrative review of perceived
problematic plant compounds," Nutrients, vol. 12, no. 10,
p. 2929, Sep. 2020. doi: 10.3390/nu12102929.
A. S. Widyawati, "Pertumbuhan dan Kualitas
Tanaman Kangkung (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) Menggunakan
Teknologi Hidroponik NFT dengan Penambahan Kalsium
Klorida (CaCl2)," Bachelor’s thesis, Dept. Biology, UIN
Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2023.
R. A. Panjaitan and I. Suharjo, "Prototype Sistem
Pemberian Nutrisi Otomatis pada Tanaman Hidroponik
Selada dengan Wick System Berbasis Internet of Thing
(IoT)," Jurnal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro Terapan, vol.
, no. 2, Apr. 2024. doi: 10.23960/jitet.v12i2.4063.
E. K. Pramartaningthyas, S. Ma’shumah, and M. I.
Fuad, "Analisis Performa Sistem Kendali pH dan TDS
Terlarut Berbasis Internet of Things pada Sistem Hidroponik
DFT," Jurnal Resistor, vol. 5, no. 1, Apr. 2022.
E. E. Efendi and D. Murdono, "Pengaruh Variasi
Electrical Conductivity (EC) Larutan Nutrisi Hidroponik
Rakit Apung pada Fase Vegetatif Cepat terhadap
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sawi Pakcoy (Brassica rapa
L.)," Jurnal Agrifor, vol. XX, no. 2, pp. 325–329, Oct. 2021.
Rizal and R. Inggi, "Perancangan Alat Pengontrol
Ketinggian Air dan Penyiraman Tanaman Secara Otomatis
Berbasis Arduino pada Media Tanam Hidroponik,"
SIMKOM, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 28–32, Oct. 2020.
P. F. da Silva et al., "Effect of Electrical
Conductivity Levels and Hydrogen Peroxide Priming on
Nutrient Solution Uptake by Chives in a Hydroponic
System," Agriculture, vol. 13, no. 1346, Jul. 2023. doi:
3390/agriculture13071346.
F. Suryatini, S. Pancono, S. B. Bhaskoro, and P. M.
S. Muljono, "Sistem Kendali Nutrisi Hidroponik berbasis
Fuzzy Logic berdasarkan Objek Tanam," ELKOMIKA:
Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, &
Teknik Elektronika, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 263–278, Apr. 2021.
doi: 10.26760/elkomika.v9i2.263.
A. W. Awaludin, D. Hamdani, and N. Nugraha,
"Pengembangan Sistem Otomatisasi Tanaman Hidroponik
dengan Algoritma PID Berbasis Mikrokontroller," Scientific
Exploration: Journal of Indonesian Academic Research, vol.
, no. 1, pp. 1–10, Nov. 2023. doi:
25134/scientificexploration.v1i1.1.
N. S. Wibowo, M. Aziziah, I. G. Wiryawan, and E.
Rosdiana, "Desain Sistem Informasi Monitoring Nutrisi
Tanaman Hidroponik Kangkung dengan Menggunakan
Metode Regresi Linear," Jurnal Ilmiah Informatika, vol. 22,
no. 1, pp. 51–56, Apr. 2022. doi: 10.25047/jii.v22i1.3115.
I. Dzitac, F. G. Filip, and M. J. Manolescu, "Fuzzy
Logic Is Not Fuzzy: World-renowned Computer Scientist
Lotfi A. Zadeh," International Journal of Computers
Communications & Control, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 748–789, Dec.
V. F. Popescu and M. S. Pistol, "Fuzzy logic expert
system for evaluating the activity of university teachers,"
International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, vol.
, no. 4, pp. 991–1008, 2021. doi: 10.21449/ijate.1025690.
Omega Engineering, "PID, Fuzzy Logic and
Adaptive Control," Technical Learning, [Online].
Available: https://www.omega.co.uk/technical-learning/pidfuzzy-logic-adaptive-control.html. [Accessed: 04-Jan2025].
N. Tri and N. N. Khoat, "Research on a Sugeno
Fuzzy Logic Controller Compared to a Mamdani-Based PIType Fuzzy Logic Inference Model," UD - Journal of Science
and Technology: Issue on Information and Communications
Technology, vol. 20, no. 6.2, pp. 57-62, Jun. 2022, doi:
31130/ud-jst.2022.177ICT.
