Research Article PERANCANGAN MEKANISME SUCTION PADA ROBOT PEMBERSIH KACA GEDUNG BERTINGKAT
Kata Kunci:
robot pembersih kaca, thrust-suction, motor edf, kontrol pid, gedung bertingkatAbstrak
Pembersihan kaca pada gedung bertingkat menghadirkan tantangan keselamatan dan efisiensi yang signifikan. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini merancang prototipe robot pembersih kaca dengan mekanisme adhesi berbasis thrust-suction menggunakan motor Electric Ducted Fan (EDF). Sistem ini memanfaatkan kombinasi gaya dorong dan tekanan negatif untuk mempertahankan posisi robot pada permukaan vertikal. Pengaturan daya adhesi dilakukan secara real-time menggunakan kontroler PID berbasis ESP32-WROOM-32 dan sensor arus PZEM-017 sebagai feedback utama. Mobilitas robot didukung oleh sistem roda rantai yang memungkinkan pergerakan pada permukaan kaca vertikal. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu mencapai kestabilan adhesi yang berhasil menopang beban vertikal maksimum seberat 2700 gram. Sistem kontrol PID menunjukkan rise time rata-rata dibawah 4 detik namun menghasilkan overshoot yang signifikan hingga 17.34% pada setpoint arus tinggi (45 A), mengindikasikan adanya karakteristik non-linear. Secara efisiensi, sistem dengan kontrol PID terbukti beroperasi 5.7°C lebih dingin dibandingkan kontrol manual saat menahan beban maksimum, menunjukkan adanya peningkatan efisiensi termal sebesar 14.6%.
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